[48], The nationalist Popular Front won the first free parliamentary elections in the Moldavian SSR in early 1990,[49] and its agenda started slowly to be implemented. This enlarged Transnistria was home to nearly 200,000 Romanian-speaking residents. In response, volunteer militias were formed in Transnistria. In the autumn of 2006, the Transnistrian leadership agreed to let an OSCE inspectorate examine the munitions and further access was agreed moving forward. D. espite challenges brought on by the pandemic, ongoing war and unpredictable markets, the world's largest public companies managed to boost sales and profits in the last year. [98], On 27 June 2016, a new law entered in force in Transnistria, punishing actions or public statements, including through the usage of mass media, networks of information and telecommunications or the Internet, criticising the military mission of the Russian Army stationed in Transnistria, or presenting interpretations perceived to be "false" by the Transnistrian government of the Russian Army's military mission. Transnistria has its own central bank, the Transnistrian Republican Bank, which issues its national currency, the Transnistrian rubla. Its capital city is Tiraspol. Chiinu Airport would likely only ever agree to the possibility of moving employees, officers, and soldiers of the stationed forces. With 2021 profits over $45 billion and assets topping 5 trillion, the ICBC ranks yet again as the largest lender in the world. [22] Most Transnistrians have Moldovan citizenship,[23] but many also have Russian, Romanian, or Ukrainian citizenship. Recent weapons inspections were permitted by Transnistria and conducted by the OSCE. [99][bettersourceneeded], After the 2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine, Transnistria declared it would maintain its neutrality in the situation and denied claims that it would assist in the attack on Ukraine. In 2007, foreign experts working on behalf of the United Nations said that the historically low levels of transparency and continued denial of full investigations to international monitors have reinforced negative perceptions of the Transnistrian government, although recent co-operation by Transnistrian authorities may have reflected a shift in the attitude of Transnistria. Others accounted for 5,700 people or 1.2%. Other resolutions: 320 160 pixels | 640 320 pixels | 1,024 512 pixels | 1,280 640 pixels | 2,560 1,280 pixels. Following a large scale privatisation process in the late 1990s,[117] most of the companies in Transnistria are now privately owned. Andrei Panici. PMR official statistics show that 91% of the Transnistrian population adhere to Eastern Orthodox Christianity, with 4% adhering to Roman Catholicism. [89] However, even after 2002, the Russian parliament did not ratify the Istanbul accords. It is included in Forbes' list of America's Best Banks 2021 and the Just 100 Companies 2021 that features both private and public companies that practice responsible capitalism. The city is located on the . Oil & Gas Development Company: Islamabad: US$5.6 billion (2022) Petroleum: US$657 million: DG Cement: Lahore: Construction: US$21 million (2016) Nishat Mills . Romania controlled the entire region between Dniester and Southern Bug rivers, including the city of Odessa as local capital. However, the Moldovan/Ukrainian block remains in place and holds up progress in status settlement negotiations between the sides. Transnistria-Ukraine relations is the bilateral relationship between the Pridnestrovian Moldovan Republic (commonly known as Transnistria) . Most television and radio stations and print publication were controlled by Transnistrian authorities, which largely dictated their editorial policies and finance operations. Saudi Aramco (Saudi Arabian Oil Company) went public barely two years back in 2019, and it is the world's second-largest company with a market cap of 2.206 Trillion dollars. largest company in transnistria. [110] As per 2004 census, in the areas controlled by the PMR government, there were 555,347 people, including 177,785 Moldovans (32.1%) 168,678 Russians (30.4%) 160,069 Ukrainians (28.8%) 13,858 Bulgarians (2.5%) 4,096 Gagauzians (0.7%), 1,791 Poles (0.3%), 1,259 Jews (0.2%), 507 Roma (0.1%) and 27,454 others (4.9%).[111]. According to the overall estimates, the company employs over 1 million people and has more than $410 billion in assets at the given moment making it one of the biggest companies in the world. Russian-occupied Transnistria announces three-month military training for men starting from March 1. [120][121][122][bettersourceneeded] Some commentators, including Zbigniew Brzezinski, have even labelled it a mafia state. Sinopec Group - $401 billion. [15], On 14 April 2022, one of Ukraine's deputy defence ministers, Hanna Maliar, stated that Russia was massing its troops along the borders with Transnistria but the Transnistrian authorities denied it. Number of employees: 18,700+. On 19 July 2004, after it finally passed through parliament President Vladimir Putin signed the Law on the ratification of the CFE Treaty in Europe, which committed Russia to remove the heavy armaments limited by this Treaty. [137] In the early 2000s over 50% of the export went to the CIS, mainly to Russia, but also to Belarus, Ukraine, and Moldova (which Transnistrian authorities consider foreign). Bulgarians comprised 13,300 (2.8%), Gagauz 5,700 (1.2%) and Belarusians 2,800 (0.6%). The region can also be referred to in English as Trans-Dniester[30] or Transdniestria. In 2020, the Transnistrian Customs reported exports of US$633.1million and imports of US$1,052.7million. The human rights record of Transnistria has been criticised by several governments and international organisations.[which?] [94][97], One point of access for Russian soldiers travelling to Transnistria remains Chiinu International Airport and the short overland journey from there to Tiraspol. junio 12, 2022. cottage for sale in timmins on . Following the collapse of the former Soviet Union, the Russian 14th Army left 40,000 tons of weaponry and ammunition in Transnistria. The Japanese carmaker is one of only two Asian firms to make it into the top 20 transnational companies by assets; Honda, another carmaker, ranks 19th. [citation needed] Although the ceasefire has held, the territory's political status remains unresolved: Transnistria is an unrecognised but de facto independent presidential republic[16] with its own government, parliament, military, police, postal system, currency, and vehicle registration. [133][134] In November 2007, the total debt of Transnistria's public sector was up to US$1.64billion. In the Moldavian SSR in particular, there was a significant resurgence of pro-Romanian nationalism among Moldovans. On 21 October 1994, Russia and Moldova signed an agreement that committed Russia to the withdrawal of the troops in three years from the date of entry into force of the agreement;[88] this did not come into effect, however, because the Russian Duma did not ratify it. [150] Their report stated that the evidence for the illicit production and trafficking of weapons into and from Transnistria, has in the past been exaggerated, although the trafficking of light weapons is likely to have occurred before 2001 (the last year when export data showed US$900,000 worth of 'weapons, munitions, their parts and accessories' exported from Transnistria). Home; Categories. Only the partially recognised or unrecognised states of South Ossetia, Artsakh, and Abkhazia have recognised Transnistria as a sovereign entity after it declared independence from Moldova in 1990 with Tiraspol as its declared capital. In 2007, the registration of a Social Democratic Party was allowed. [102], On 15 March 2022, the Parliamentary Assembly of the Council of Europe recognised Transnistria as a Moldovan territory occupied by Russia. The main imports were non-precious metals, food products, and electricity. In April 1990, nationalist mobs attacked ethnic Russian members of parliament, while the Moldovan police refused to intervene or restore order.[50]. For Western European companies, Transnistria also became interesting as a textile producer offering low labor and production costs. Moldova & The Dniestr Region: Contested Past, Frozen Present, Speculative Futures? In July 2005 the Transnistrian Supreme Council amended the election code to prohibit media controlled by the Transnistrian authorities from publishing results of polls and forecasts related to elections. The rankings and market cap data of these companies are updated regularly. Moldovan President Vladimir Voronin was initially supportive of the plan, but refused to sign it after internal opposition and international pressure from the OSCE and US, and after Russia had endorsed the Transnistrian demand to maintain a Russian military presence for the next 20 years as a guarantee for the intended federation. Bulgarians were the fourth largest ethnic group in Transnistria, albeit much less numerous than the three larger ethnicities. See the complete profile on LinkedIn and discover 's connections and jobs at similar companies. [40] During the Romanian occupation of 194144, between 150,000 and 250,000 Ukrainian and Romanian Jews were deported to Transnistria; the majority were executed or died from other causes in ghettos and concentration camps of the Governorate. Ethnic minorities felt threatened by the prospects of removing Russian as the official language, which served as the medium of interethnic communication, and by the possible future reunification of Moldova and Romania, as well as the ethnocentric rhetoric of the Popular Front. [106][107], In October 2015, Transnistrian authorities organised another separate census from the 2014 Moldovan census. Consumers can buy, sell and service vehicles digitally or through our 188 coast to coast locations. [26] These four partially recognised or unrecognised states maintain friendly relations with each other and form the Community for Democracy and Rights of Nations.[27][28][29]. Largest European companies based on number of employees worldwide in 2020 (in 1,000s) Characteristic. [76] During the 2006 presidential election, the registration of opposition candidate Andrey Safonov was delayed until a few days before the vote, so that he had little time to conduct an election campaign. During 2002 and 2003 Russian military officials destroyed a further 51 armoured vehicles, all of which were types not limited by the CFE Treaty. Original file (SVG file, nominally 1,200 600 pixels, file size: 2 KB) Some notable and recent achievements of Novartis include the company being recognized as a Bronze COVID Champion in 2021 by the Learning Performance Institute. murray park pool hours; oscillating universe theory strengths and weaknesses; avanti trainee train driver; wellstar health insurance; columbus county mugshots 2021 Primary. Three of the top five firms are oil . 1. [31] These names are adaptations of the Romanian colloquial name of the region, Transnistria, meaning "beyond the Dniester River". According to their own financial interim report (PDF), the state-owned bank serves more than 9.2 million corporate clients and 590 million personal customers around the world. The report also states that the same holds true for the production of such weapons, which is likely to have been carried out in the 1990s, primarily to equip Transnistrian forces. The opposition Narodovlastie party and Power to the People movement were outlawed at the beginning of 2000[80] and eventually dissolved. According to the government of Transnistria, the 2007 GDP was 6789 mln ruble (appx US$799million) and the GDP per capita was about US$1,500. A company controlled by businessmen from Transnistria has recently become the main mobile operator in the Crimean peninsula - a Ukrainian territory annexed by Russia in March 2014. The former Soviet 14th Guards Army entered the conflict in its final stage, opening fire against Moldovan forces;[55] approximately 700 people were killed. The onus of responsibility rests on Russia to remove the rest of the supplies. C Cuciurgan power station G Gazprombank (Transnistria) I Intercentre Lux Interdnestrcom K KVINT M Moldova Steel Works S Sheriff (company) T Tiraspoltransgas Tirotex that the Transnistrian authorities would try to sell these stocks internationally, and intense pressure was applied to have these removed by Russia. 173 from 22 July 2005 "About main notes about special legal status of settlements of left bank of Dnestr (Transnistria)": Jos Boonstra, Senior Researcher, Democratisation Programme, FRIDE. The president is directly elected for a maximum of two consecutive five-year terms. Transnistria's president Igor Smirnov has announced that Transnistria will not pay its gas debt because "Transnistria has no legal debt to Gazprom". Under OSCE auspices, on 8 May 1997, Moldovan President Petru Lucinschi and Transnistrian president Igor Smirnov, signed the "Memorandum on the principles of normalization of the relations between the Republic of Moldova and Transnistria", also known as the "Primakov Memorandum", sustaining the establishment of legal and state relations, although the memorandum's provisions were interpreted differently by the governments of Moldova and Transnistria. Law No. Violence escalated when in October 1990 the Popular Front called for volunteers to form armed militias to stop an autonomy referendum in Gagauzia, which had an even higher share of ethnic minorities. A first round of swingeing culls hit the technology sector in November. The first three are oriented toward exports, while Inter RAO UES delivers gas to Transniester and Moldova. Walmart had about 2.3 million employees in 2022, the highest of all companies worldwide that year. About 14% of the population did not declare their nationality. In 1924, the Moldavian ASSR was proclaimed within the Ukrainian SSR; the ASSR included today's Transnistria (4,100km2, 1,600sqmi) and an area (4,200km2, 1,600sqmi) to the northeast around the city of Balta, but nothing from Bessarabia, which at the time formed part of Romania. The village of Roghi of Molovata Nou Commune is also controlled by the PMR (Moldova controls the other nine of the 10 villages of the six communes). View 's profile on LinkedIn, the world's largest professional community.