ferdinand ii, holy roman emperor

In 1596, he assumed power over his hereditary lands. Holy Roman Emperor Leopold II: 5 May 1747: 1 March 1792: married Infanta Maria Luisa of Spain (1745–1792), had issue. Europe, 1450 to 1789: Encyclopedia of the Early Modern World. Refer to each style’s convention regarding the best way to format page numbers and retrieval dates. 2021 . In 1617 he was elected king of Bohemia and in 1618 king of Hungary, intimidating the noble assemblies in both instances. ." Initially, the war was confined to Germany but later, the French intervened and made it a European issue. Supported by the Catholic electors and urged on by his Jesuit confessor, William Lamormaini, Ferdinand issued in 1629 the fateful Edict of Restitution, which reclaimed for the Catholics all the church lands that, they asserted, had been seized illegally by the Protestants since the Religious Peace of Augsburg of 1555. PEAKE(1874) p348 Ferdinand II..jpg 562 × 1,014; 331 KB. © 2019 Encyclopedia.com | All rights reserved. He sought to combine reason of state with the advancement of religion. Europe, 1450 to 1789: Encyclopedia of the Early Modern World. His primary conflict began when the Protestant Bohemians overthrew him and elected Frederick V as their new king in 1619. Grand Duke of Tuscany from 1765 (abdicated 1790), Holy Roman Emperor from 1790, Archduke of Austria, King of Hungary and King of Bohemia from 1790. He was the son of Charles II, the archduke of Inner Austria, and Maria of Bavaria. In exchange, he signed a secret treaty in 1617, which promised to give away Alsace and the fiefs in Italy to them. Valuable for the general culture of the court as well as for music. He, however, managed to get the approval of the Spanish Habsburg rulers to succeed Matthias, who was childless. Ferdinand I, Holy Roman Emperor From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Ferdinand I (Spanish: Fernando I) (10 March 1503 – 25 July 1564) was Holy Roman Emperor from 1556, King of Bohemia, Hungary, and Croatia from 1526, and Archduke of Austria from 1521 until his death in 1564. Evans, R. J. W. The Making of the Habsburg Monarchy, 1550–1700: An Interpretation. Share. Ferdinand II HRR.jpg 547 × 897; 249 KB. In the spring of 1598 he undertook an Italian journey that included a visit with Pope Clement VIII, then in Ferrara, and a stay with the Jesuits in Rome. Ferdinand was a belligerent and ruthless monarch: as ruler over Inner Austria he relentlessly implemented the re-Catholicization of his subjects by means of ‘Reformation commissions’ which toured the land. Upon the death of his father on February 15, 1637, Ferdinand became Holy Roman Emperor Ferdinand III.. Ferdinand's testament of 1621 indicated his realization that if he was to triumph over his confessional adversaries in the empire and hold the line against the Turks to the east, he would need to create tighter unity among his many territories. A…, Rising from obscure origins, the Habsburgs became the dominant political family of Europe during the Renaissance. Apparently, he had ordered Tilly to apply the ‘Edict of Restitution’ to the Electorate of Saxony. Holy Roman Emperor Ferdinand II - 1619-1637 Ferdinand II (9 July 1578 – 15 February 1637), a member of the House of Habsburg, was Holy Roman Emperor (1619–1637), King of Bohemia (1617–1619, 1620–1637), and King of Hungary (1618–1625). Ferdinand II, Holy Roman Emperor (July 9, 1578 – February 15, 1637), of the House of Habsburg, reigned as Holy Roman Emperor from 1619-1637. He was the son of Charles II of Austria (1540-1590) and his wife Maria Anna of Bavaria (1551-1608). ." Edited by R. J. W. Evans and T. V. Thomas. He formed his own army within a week and ousted the Swedish forces from Bohemia. Ferdinand withdrew from his militant program in the empire with the Peace of Prague of 1635, in which he backtracked on the edict and so won back to his side Saxony and other Protestant states. Ferdinand III, (born July 13, 1608, Graz, Inner Austria—died April 2, 1657, Vienna), Holy Roman emperor who headed the so-called peace party at the Habsburg imperial court during the Thirty Years’ War and ended that war in 1648 with the Peace of Westphalia.. He was also the emperor of the Holy Roman Empire during most of the Thirty Years' War. Within the “Cite this article” tool, pick a style to see how all available information looks when formatted according to that style. Wallenstein accepted his appeal on the condition that he should be allowed to control the direction of the war and should have authority over the wealth looted during the war. Tilly thus led the Catholic forces east, advancing to Leipzig, where they were badly defeated in First Battle of Breitenfeld (1631), by the Adolphus's Swedish forces. He was the last emperor to have real power over the Holy Roman Empire.. Ferdinand was born in Graz, the eldest son of Emperor Ferdinand II of the House of Habsburg and his first wife, Maria Anna of Bavaria. In 1635, Ferdinand II signed the ‘Peace of Prague,’ but the war did not end there. His heart was buried separately in the ‘Augustinian Church.’, https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Kaiser_Ferdinand_II._1614.jpg. Europe, 1450 to 1789: Encyclopedia of the Early Modern World. The family, which can be traced…, FREDERICK III (HOLY ROMAN EMPIRE) (1415–1493; ruled 1440–1493) Ferdinand II, Holy Roman Emperor: Mither: Maria Anna o Bavarie: Releegion: Roman Catholicism: Seegnatur: Ferdinand III (13 Julie 1608 – 2 Aprile 1657) wis Holy Roman Emperor frae 15 Februar 1637 till his daith, as well as King o Hungary an Croatie, King o Bohemie an Airchduke o Austrick. Ferdinand was deeply religious, affable personally, and a conscientious and hardworking ruler Shopping. The Protestants of both Upper and Lower Austria were forced to covert. Ferdinand II, Holy Roman Emperor. Ferdinand II breathed his last in 1637, leaving his kingdom to his son Ferdinand III. [1][2] Before his accession, he ruled the Austrian hereditary lands of the Habsburgs in the na He was thus sent to Ingolstadt to study at the Jesuits' college in Bavaria. His parents did not want him to be associated with the Lutheran Styrian nobles. Following this, Wallenstein was recalled. Ferdinand grew up in a strongly Catholic household under the watchful eye of his devout mother, and in 1590, shortly before the death of his father, he journeyed to Ingolstadt in Bavaria to study with the Jesuits at the university at which for a time Maximilian was a fellow student. In 1625, in spite of receiving financial help from Spain and the Pope, Ferdinand II was financially drained. He was the oldest son of Archduke Charles of the Inner Austrian line of the Hapsburgs (ruling in Styria, Carinthia, Carniola, etc., since 1576) and Maria, the daughter of Duke Albert V of Bavaria. However, in November 1632, at the Battle of Lützen, the Catholic forces were crushed. Encyclopedia.com. According to the terms set at the First Congress of Vienna in 1515, Ferdinand married Anne Jagiellonica, daughter of King Vladislaus II of Bohemia and Hungary on 22 July 1515. Some historians feel Ferdinand II was majorly responsible for the large loss of civilian life in the 1631 Sack of Magdeburg. Ferdinand II, Holy Roman Emperor - YouTube. He also initiated further Counter-Reformation measures in the Austrian territories and Bohemian lands that would in the long run lead to their recatholicization. After the dust cleared following the Bohemian rebellion, Ferdinand gradually established a relatively mild absolutism in his territories, with the exception of Hungary, and he generally succeeded in winning over the support of the aristocracy represented in the various estates. Oxford and New York, 1995. She was the daughter of Albert (or Albrecht) V, the duke of Bavaria, and Charles II's sister Anna. Frederick V escaped to the Netherlands. However, the date of retrieval is often important. Forty-One year old Ferdinand immediately faced a grave crisis. Meanwhile, Ferdinand was drawn increasingly into the conflict in Germany. He was also the Archduke of Styria (Inner Austria) from 1590–1637, King of Bohemia from 1617-1619 and again from 1620-1637, as well as King of Hungary from 1618-1625. ——. Thus he sustained and strengthened what R. J. W. Evans has called the three pillars of the Habsburg Monarchy: the dynasty, the aristocracy, and the church. 1980-12-18: new. This was the ‘Second Defenestration of Prague,’ which gave rise to a new revolt. FERDINAND II, HOLY ROMAN EMPEROR Reigned from 1619 to 1637; b. Graz, Styria, July 9, 1578; d. Vienna, Feb. 15, 1637. He succeeded in establishing his inheritance as a single entity that included Upper and Lower Austria as well as Inner Austria, the lands of the Bohemian crown, and a portion of Hungary. Following a pilgrimage to Loreto and Rome, he decided to crush Protestantism by forcing his subjects to convert to Roman Catholicism. Change Notes . https://military.wikia.org/wiki/Ferdinand_III,_Holy_Roman_Emperor Following this, his maternal uncle, William V, Duke of Bavaria, became in-charge of his education. RDF/XML (MADS and SKOS) … Therefore, after the death of his brother-in-law Louis II, King of Bohemia and of Hungary, at the battle of Mohács on 29 August 1526, Fer… Ferdinand III (July 13, 1608 – April 2, 1657) was Holy Roman Emperor from 1637 – 1657. Ferdinand I (Fernando I) (10 March 1503 – 25 July 1564) was Holy Roman Emperor from 1556, king of Bohemia and Royal Hungary from 1526, and king of Croatia from 1527 until his death in 1564.wikipedia In Crown, Church, and Estates: Central European Politics in the Sixteenth and Seventeenth Centuries. 1619-08-28 Ferdinand II elected Holy Roman Emperor (rules till 1637) 1620-02-04 Prince Bethlen Gabor of Hungary signs peace with Holy Roman Emperor Ferdinand II 1621-12-13 Emperor Ferdinand II delegates 1st anti-Reformation decree Maria Anna died in 1616, just 3 years before Ferdinand II’s coronation. Shortly after assuming power in Graz, he embarked on a rigorous, often harsh reformation of religion in Inner Austria that brought thousands back from Protestantism to the Catholic faith and at the same time strengthened Ferdinand politically in his contest with the Estates. ( Gonzaga ) at Innsbruck to Austria prevent the Swedish forces from Bohemia he died the... 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